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os03019

Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT / neo-LNT)

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Catalog No: CG-OS03019
CAS No: 13007-32-4
Synonyms: Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc; LNnT; neo-LNT
Molecular Formula: C₂₆H₄₅NO₂₁
Molecular Weight: 707.63 g/mol
Available Pack Sizes: Research quantities (mg to g scale)

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Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT, Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc) ranks as the second most abundant neutral human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) after 2′-FL, comprising 9-15% of total HMOs in mature breast milk and appearing as a white hygroscopic powder critical for infant intestinal barrier development and microbiota orchestration. Commercially produced via precision microbial fermentation in engineered E. coli (>99% purity, GRAS by FDA/EFSA/TGA), this tetrasaccharide selectively stimulates Bifidobacterium bifidum/longum proliferation (3-5x growth vs glucose), inhibits pathogen adhesion (E. coli, C. jejuni by 70-90%), upregulates tight junctions (ZO-1/claudin-1), reduces necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) incidence by 50% in preclinical models, and supports neurodevelopment through ganglioside mimicry; its type 2 chain structure enables fucosylation to Le^x and sialylation to DSLnT, with exceptional water solubility (800 g/L), hydrolytic stability (pH 3-9), and 60-month shelf life making it ideal for infant formula fortification and functional foods.

Appearance

White to off-white hygroscopic amorphous powder.
Highly soluble >800 g/L in water at 25°C.

Source

9-15% total HMOs in mature human milk; minor in colostrum (~6%).
Microbial fermentation using β4GalT/β3GnT-engineered E. coli BL21.

Molecular Weight and Structure

707.63 g/mol, formula C₂₆H₄₅NO₂₁ (CAS 13007-32-4).
Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc type 2 chain tetrasaccharide.

Sugar Specificity

Bifidobacterium β3GnTase/β4GalTase; precursor for Le^x (FucT3).
Binds DC-SIGN, selectins; resistant to human α-fucosidase.

Biological Activity

Amplifies Bifidobacterium growth 3-5x; inhibits E. coli/C. jejuni adhesion 70-90%.
Upregulates ZO-1/claudin-1; reduces TNF-α/IL-8 in IEC-6 cells.

Purity and Microbial Contamination

≥99% HPLC/NMR; lactose <0.5%, 2′-FL <1%.
Endotoxins <10 EU/g; total aerobes <10 CFU/g; yeast/mold absent.

Identity and Quality Control

¹H-NMR structural confirmation; optical rotation +33° to +27°.
LC-MS [M+H]+ 708.3; HPAEC monosaccharide profile.

Shelf Life and Storage

60 months at 25°C/60% RH sealed; 5 years -20°C.
Hygroscopic—store desiccated under nitrogen.

Applications

Infant formula enrichment (up to 1.5 g/L); functional foods.
NEC therapeutics; microbiota modulation research.

Key Characteristics

Type 2 chain HMO scaffold; gastric stable (pH 3-9).
Bifido-selective fermentation yielding acetate/propionate.

Citation Links

COA

2. MSDS

3. Tech Data Sheets/Manuals

Size	10 MG, 50 MG, 500 MG, Other

SKU: CG-OS03019 Categories: Human milk oligosaccharides, Oligosaccharides Tags: Custom Products, HMO glycans, Oligosaccharides

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