Alkyne-modified nucleotide sugar donor substrate; used for remodeling of cell-surface glycans and O-GlcNAc profiling; the terminal alkyne handle enables bioorthogonal detection via copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC); less susceptible to epimerization than the corresponding GalNAc analog; applied in glycoproteomic profiling, glycan imaging, and metabolic labeling
Activated nucleotide sugar donor substrate for N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-Ts / ppGalNAc-Ts); initiates mucin-type O-linked glycosylation by transferring GalNAc to serine/threonine residues of proteins (Tn antigen formation); also involved in glycolipid biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate chain elongation, and blood group A antigen synthesis; widely used in in vitro glycosylation assays and glycoengineering