1-Thio-?-D-galactose

Thiogalactose is a naturally occurring disaccharide that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. It inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), and suppresses the growth of experimental colitis in mice. Thiogalactose also denatures fatty acids and prevents 3t3-l1 preadipocytes from undergoing cellular transformation. This compound also inhibits the uptake of bovine serum albumin by macrophages, which may be due to its alkylthio group. Thiogalactose has been shown to inhibit proliferation of cultured human cells, including monocytic leukemia cells, when used at concentrations less than 10 mM.