D-(+)-Melibiose
D-(+)-Melibiose is a disaccharide composed of one galactose and one glucose unit linked by an α(1→6) glycosidic bond. It is a reducing sugar that plays a significant role in various biological processes and is commonly used in microbiological studies.
Chemical Properties
- CAS Number: 585-99-9
- MDL No.: MFCD00198191
- Catalog Number: A831945
- EINECS: 209-568-6
- Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₂₄O₁₂
- Molecular Weight: 360.31 g/mol
- Boiling Point: 662.8 ± 55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
- Melting Point: 182 °C (dec.) (lit.)
- Flash Point: 354.6 ± 31.5 °C
- Density: Not specified (typically around 1.68 g/cm³)
- Appearance: White powder
- Storage Conditions: Store at 2–8 °C for long-term stability (months).
- Refractivity: 1.652
Physical Characteristics
D-(+)-Melibiose appears as a white crystalline powder and is soluble in water, making it suitable for various laboratory applications. Its melting point of approximately 182 °C indicates its thermal stability, while its high boiling point suggests that it can withstand elevated temperatures without decomposing.
Biological Significance
- Microbial Metabolism:
- Melibiose serves as a carbon source for certain bacteria, particularly Saccharomyces pastorianus, which can metabolize melibiose, differentiating it from other species like Saccharomyces cerevisiae that cannot.
- Role in Gene Regulation:
- It acts as an effector molecule that can activate the lac operon by binding to the repressor protein, facilitating the expression of genes involved in lactose metabolism.
- Prebiotic Potential:
- Melibiose may have prebiotic effects, promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria and contributing to gut health.
- Research Applications:
- Used in studies investigating carbohydrate interactions and the effects of sugar on microbial growth and metabolism.
Synthesis and Purification
D-(+)-Melibiose can be synthesized enzymatically or extracted from natural sources. It can be purified through crystallization techniques, often involving water or ethanol to achieve high purity levels.
Safety Profile
While D-(+)-melibiose is generally regarded as safe for laboratory use, standard safety protocols should be followed when handling this compound. Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be used to minimize exposure.
Conclusion
D-(+)-Melibiose (CAS No. 585-99-9) is an important disaccharide with applications in microbiology, biochemistry, and nutrition. Its role as a substrate for specific microorganisms and its function in gene regulation make it valuable for research and industrial applications.
Citations:
- https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB1322130.htm
- https://goldbio.com/product/7158/d-melibiose-monohydrate
- https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Melibiose
- https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/440658
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melibiose
- https://omanchem.com/product/D-MELIBIOSE-PURISS-99
- https://www.medchemexpress.com/d-melibiose.html
- https://www.lobachemie.com/Carbohydrates-04545/D-MELIBIOSE-CASNO-66009-10-7.aspx
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