Vitexin

Vitexin

Vitexin is a flavonoid glycoside that is primarily found in various medicinal plants, including the passion flower (Passiflora incarnata) and the chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus). It is recognized for its diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects.

Chemical Properties

• CAS Number: 3681-93-4
• MDL No.: MFCD00017456
• Catalog Number: A823380
• EINECS: 222-963-8
• Molecular Formula: C₂₁H₂₀O₁₀
• Molecular Weight: 432.38 g/mol
• Boiling Point: 767.7 °C at 760 mmHg
• Melting Point: 256–257 °C
• Flash Point: 767.7 °C at 760 mmHg
• Density: 1.686 g/cm³
• Appearance: Yellow powder
• Storage Conditions: Store at 2–8 °C for long-term stability (months).

Pharmacological Effects

1. Antioxidant Activity:
   • Vitexin exhibits strong antioxidant properties, helping to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress in cells.
2. Anti-inflammatory Properties:
   • It has been shown to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines, making it beneficial in treating inflammatory conditions.
3. Neuroprotective Effects:
   • Vitexin provides protection against neuronal damage induced by excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, which is relevant in neurodegenerative diseases.
4. Anticancer Potential:
   • Research indicates that vitexin may inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and induce apoptosis, particularly in breast and liver cancer cell lines.
5. Anticonvulsant and Antidepressant Activities:
   • It has demonstrated efficacy in reducing seizure activity and alleviating symptoms of depression in animal models.
6. Antimicrobial Activity:
   • Vitexin exhibits antibacterial and antifungal properties, contributing to its use in traditional medicine for treating infections.

Applications

1. Traditional Medicine:
   • Used in herbal remedies for treating various ailments, including respiratory issues, gastrointestinal disorders, and skin conditions.
2. Nutraceuticals:
   • Incorporated into dietary supplements due to its health-promoting properties.
3. Research Applications:
   • Utilized in studies exploring its mechanisms of action in cellular signaling pathways and its potential therapeutic effects on various diseases.
4. Cosmetic Industry:
   • Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties make it a candidate for inclusion in skincare formulations aimed at protecting against UV damage and promoting skin health.

Safety Profile

While vitexin is generally considered safe when used appropriately, standard laboratory safety protocols should be followed when handling this compound. Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn to minimize exposure.

Conclusion

Vitexin (CAS No. 3681-93-4) is a bioactive flavonoid glycoside with significant pharmacological activities that make it valuable in both traditional medicine and modern therapeutic applications. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties position it as a promising candidate for further research and development.

Citations:

1. https://www.chemfaces.com/natural/Vitexin-CFN98601.html
2. https://www.chemsrc.com/en/cas/3681-93-4_122098.html
3. https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB3119208.htm
4. https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/IN/en/product/sial/49513
5. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vitexin
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitexin
7. https://www.medchemexpress.com/vitexin.html
8. https://www.chemicalbook.in/product/vitexin-3119208