GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc

GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc  (lacto-N-triose II, LNT-II) represents a core type 2 chain trisaccharide and essential building block for complex N-glycans, appearing as a white lyophilized powder widely utilized in glycan synthesis, lectin binding studies, and human milk oligosaccharide research. This linear structure serves as the acceptor for fucosyltransferases (forming Le^x) and sialyltransferases (forming sialyl-LacNAc), abundant in human milk (5-10% total HMOs), neural gangliosides, tumor-associated glycans, and leukocyte selectin ligands; chemoenzymatically produced via β3GnT-β4GalT cascades (>98% purity), it demonstrates gastric stability with selective Bifidobacterium longum utilization for acetate/butyrate production, key roles in NEC prevention, cognitive development via ganglioside mimicry, cancer biomarker screening, and functional food prebiotics, exhibiting excellent solubility (>400 g/L) and multi-year desiccated stability. Appearance White amorphous lyophilized powder, odorless and non-hygroscopic. Highly water-soluble (>400 g/L); forms clear solutions pH 6-8. ​ Source 5-10% human milk oligosaccharides; abundant in N-glycans, gangliosides. Biosynthetic via β1-3 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase on LacNAc. ​ Molecular Weight and Structure 551.5 g/mol, formula C₂₁H₃₆N₂O₁₆ (sodium salt). Linear: GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc type 2 chain trisaccharide. ​ Sugar Specificity Precursor for Le^x (FucT), sialyl-LacNAc (ST3/6Gal); DC-SIGN ligand. Hydrolyzed by Bacteroides β3GlcNAc-ase + β4-galactosidase. ​ Biological Activity Prebiotic for Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis; barrier enhancement. Core scaffold for sLeX tumor antigens; anti-inflammatory. ​ Purity and Microbial Contamination ≥98% HPLC/NMR purity; endotoxins <10 EU/mg LAL-tested. Sterile filtered; heavy metals <1 ppm; moisture <5%. ​ Identity and Quality Control ¹H-NMR (β-GlcNAc H1 4.72 ppm, Gal H1 4.45 ppm); LC-MS [M+Na]⁺ 574.3. HPAEC-PAD Gal:GlcNAc 1:2 ratio; anomeric purity >99%. ​ Shelf Life and Storage 60 months -20°C lyophilized; 36 months ambient desiccated. N₂ atmosphere; avoid >70% RH. ​ Applications HMO synthesis scaffold; glycan microarray standards. Selectin ligand research; cancer biomarker assays. ​ Key Characteristics Linear type 2 chain acceptor; gastric-resistant. Universal scaffold for fucosylation/sialylation. ​ Citation Links https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/91855153 ​ https://www.bioglyco.com/gal1-4glcnac1-3gal1-4glcnac1-3gal1-4glcnac-item-14140.html ​ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4672149/ ​ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021925819597149 ​ https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB12604564.htm ​ https://www.tcichemicals.com/p/G0494 ​ https://www.chemsrc.com/en/cas/81520-71-0_324131.html ​ https://glycosmos.org/structure/lacto-N-triose-II ​ https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/GlcNAc-beta1-3-Gal-beta1-4-GlcNAc ​ https://resources.amsbio.com/Datasheets/300261-1.pdf ​