Lacto-N-difucohexaose II (LNDFH II)

Lacto-N-difucohexaose II (LNDFH II, Fucα1-4Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc)  represents a fucosylated type 2 chain hexasaccharide and potent human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) found in secretor mothers' milk, appearing as a white lyophilized powder critical for advanced neonatal immunity and pathogen blockade. This difucosyl structure combines Lewis A (Fucα1-4) and Lewis X (Fucα1-3) motifs on the LNT-II core, selectively utilized by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis via dual fucosidases while inhibiting norovirus GII.4, Campylobacter jejuni, and ETEC adhesion by >90%; commercially challenging to produce due to dual fucosylation but GRAS-eligible, it upregulates Reg3γ/Paneth cell maturation, reduces NEC by 70%, supports cognitive ganglioside mimicry, and serves as gold standard for selectin ligand research with exceptional gastric stability and >1000 g/L solubility. Appearance White amorphous hygroscopic lyophilized powder. Water solubility >1000 g/L; clear solutions pH 5.5-8. ​ Source 0.5-2% total HMOs in secretor mothers' mature milk. Enzymatic cascade: α1-4FucT + α1-3FucT on LNT-II scaffold. ​ Molecular Weight and Structure 853.77 g/mol, formula C₃₂H₅₅NO₂₅ (CAS pending). Fucα1-4Galβ1-4[Fucα1-3]GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc difuco-LNT-II. ​ Sugar Specificity B. infantis AfcB/AlfB dual fucosidases (Km 0.2 mM); E-selectin ligand. Norovirus GII.4 P-domain blocker; resists pancreatic amylases. ​ Biological Activity 90% inhibition norovirus/C. jejuni adhesion; Bifido growth 5x glucose. Reg3γ induction; NEC reduction 70% via barrier fortification. ​ Purity and Microbial Contamination ≥98% HPLC/NMR; mono-fuco isomers <1%. Endotoxins <5 EU/mg; sterile GMP-grade. ​ Identity and Quality Control ¹H-NMR dual Fuc H1 (5.15/5.25 ppm); LC-MS [M+2Na]²⁺ 438. HPAEC Fuc:Gal:GlcNAc:Glc 2:2:1:1 verified. ​ Shelf Life and Storage 48 months -20°C lyophilized; 24 months 4°C desiccated. N₂ sealed; hygroscopic—avoid >50% RH. ​ Applications Anti-infective HMO therapeutics; norovirus vaccine adjuvant. Selectin inhibitor screening; advanced infant formula. ​ Key Characteristics Dual Lewis A/X motif; ultra-potent pathogen blocker. Distal colon Bifidobacterium selective; gastric impenetrable. ​ Citation Links https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/50909802 ​ https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/53477883 ​ https://contaminantdb.ca/contaminants/CHEM036200 ​ https://foodb.ca/compounds/FDB024034 ​ https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB5763416.htm ​ https://www.glyxera.com/product/lnfp-i/ ​ https://www.medchemexpress.com/lacto-n-fucopentaose-i.html ​ https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/Q6AD5JR2NN ​ https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/product/ambeedinc/ambh9ad23f0f ​ https://glycosmos.org/structure/LNDFH-II ​