Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I)

Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc)  constitutes a core fucosylated human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) abundant in secretor mothers' milk (~5-10% total HMOs), appearing as a white lyophilized powder essential for neonatal antiviral defense and Bifidobacterium-directed gut colonization. This type 1 chain pentasaccharide features the H-antigen (Fucα1-2Gal) on LNT core, serving as high-affinity ligand for E-/L-selectins (leukocyte rolling), DC-SIGN (dendritic cell targeting), and norovirus GII.4 capsid VP1 (viral adsorption blocker >85%); selectively hydrolyzed by B. longum subsp. infantis fucosidase AfcA while resisting Bacteroides, it upregulates Reg3γ/Paneth cell maturation, inhibits Campylobacter/ETEC adhesion 80-95%, reduces NEC by 65%, and supports cognitive development via ganglioside mimicry, with GRAS status, gastric stability (pH 2.5-9), >600 g/L solubility, and 48-month shelf life ideal for infant formula and anti-infective therapeutics. Appearance White to off-white amorphous hygroscopic powder. ​ Highly water-soluble >600 g/L; clear solutions pH 6-8. ​ Source 5-10% total HMOs in secretor mothers' mature milk. ​ Enzymatic fucosylation (α1-2FucT) of lacto-N-tetraose (LNT). ​ Molecular Weight and Structure 853.77 g/mol, formula C₃₂H₅₅NO₂₅ (CAS 7578-25-8). Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc H-type 1 pentasaccharide. ​ Sugar Specificity B. infantis AfcA fucosidase (Km 0.3 mM); E/L-selectin ligands. ​ Norovirus VP1 blocker; DC-SIGN binding motif. ​ Biological Activity Inhibits norovirus adsorption >85% via VP1 blockade. ​ Amplifies B. longum growth 4x; Reg3γ/Paneth induction. ​ Purity and Microbial Contamination ≥98% HPLC/NMR; LNT <1%, mono-fucose <0.5%. ​ Endotoxins <10 EU/mg; GMP-grade sterile. ​ Identity and Quality Control ¹H-NMR Fucα1-2 H1 5.12 ppm; LC-MS [M+Na]+ 876.4. ​ HPAEC Fuc:Gal:GlcNAc:Glc 1:2:1:1; optical rotation +25°. ​ Shelf Life and Storage 48 months -20°C lyophilized; 24 months 4°C desiccated. ​ Hygroscopic—N₂ sealed, <50% RH. ​ Applications Infant formula HMO (0.8-2 g/L); antiviral synbiotics. ​ Selectin inhibitor screening; NEC therapeutics. ​ Key Characteristics H-antigen type 1 specificity; potent norovirus blocker. ​ Dual immune/modulatory roles; gastric-stable. ​ Citation Links https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/53477883 ​ https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/50909802 ​ https://www.medchemexpress.com/lacto-n-fucopentaose-i.html ​ https://www.glpbio.com/lacto-n-fucopentaose-i.html ​ https://contaminantdb.ca/contaminants/CHEM036200 ​ https://foodb.ca/compounds/FDB024034 ​ https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB5763416.htm ​ https://www.glyxera.com/product/lnfp-i/ ​ https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/Q6AD5JR2NN ​ https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/product/ambeedinc/ambh9ad23f0f ​